Table of contents

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Part I

1. Introduction (download chapter)
   • Scorecard Diplomacy and the Power of Reputational Concerns
   • The Argument in Brief
   • How Does It Work? Scorecard Diplomacy in Five Steps
   • Why Study Scorecard Diplomacy?
   • Outcomes, Sources, and Research Methods
   • The Plan of This Book
2. Scorecard Diplomacy and Reputation
   • The Concept of Reputation in International Relations
   • When Do Reputational Concerns Operate? A Simple Model
   • How Does Scorecard Diplomacy Elicit Reputational Concerns?
   • Empirical Expectations
   • Summary
3. The Case of Human Trafficking
   • The Problem of Human Trafficking
   • Step 1: Public Monitoring and Grading
   • Step 2: Ongoing Diplomacy and Practical Assistance
   • Summary
4. How Third Parties Boost Reputational Concerns
   • How the US Funds Other Actors: “It was all about the US [efforts]!”
   • How IGOs Help Increase the Issue Salience and Build Capacity
   • How Civil Society Can Use Scorecard Diplomacy to Hold the Government Accountable
   • The Media’s Role in Eliciting Reputational Concerns
   • Summary

Part II

5. Micro-Level Evidence of Reputational Concerns
   • The Tale of Thailand’s 2014 Drop to Tier 3
   • How to Study Reputational Concern?
   • How Do Officials React?
   • Relative Prevalence of Reactions
   • Who Reacts and Why?
   • Would Officials Still React If There Were No Tiers?
   • Face-Saving Efforts: Public Versus Private
   • Summary
6. From Reputational Concerns to Effects on Laws, Practices, and Norms
   • Outcomes Under Study
   • Criminalization
   • Effects on Implementation, Institutions, Norms, and Practices
   • Summary
7. When Does It Work?
   • Overview of Outcomes
   • Sensitivity
   • Exposure
   • Prioritization
   • Adding It All Up
   • Summary
8. Country Perspectives (see online case studies)
   • Armenia: Tiers as Tools
   • Israel: Not Really About the Money
   • Zimbabwe: Low Sensitivity to Reputational Costs
   • Japan: The Importance of Consistency
   • Summary
9. Conclusion: Reputation and Policy
   • Evidence for the Cycle of Scorecard Diplomacy
   • Possible Objections
   • When Does It Work?
   • Why Does It Work? The Reputation Argument Revisited
   • Generalizability and Sustainability
   • Insights for Policymakers
   • “Diplomatic Indigestion”: The Political Challenges of Scorecards
   • The Bottom Line

Back matter

• Methods Appendix (download appendix)
  • Interviews
  • The Global Survey
  • Document Analysis
  • Data
  • Case Studies
• Results Appendix
  • Chapter 3
  • Chapter 4
  • Chapter 5
  • Chapter 6
  • Chapter 7
• References
• Index